Retatrutide
What 197 indexed publications and 7 randomized trials actually state about retatrutide, sentence by sentence, each tied to its source and labeled by the kind of evidence it is.
Human clinical trial 36 sources Updated
At a glance
Evidence availability
Human clinical evidence
Strongest tier in the indexed literature
Indexed publications
197
Europe PMC, title or abstract, 2026-09-14
Human studies in ledger
18
6 randomized; study count, not efficacy proof
Approval
not approved
ChEMBL phase 3
Routes reported
oral, subcutaneous
from studies in this ledger
Studied in
Humans, Mice, Rats
25 primary studies in the evidence table
Compiled from 36 indexed sources, updated . Cited findings carry an evidence tier; passages written from general knowledge are marked editorial synthesis. Nothing here is medical or dosing advice. What changed
What it is
Retatrutide is a peptide in the incretin & amylin analogs class (GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor triple agonist). Europe PMC indexes 197 publications naming it or a listed alias in a title or abstract, including 7 randomized controlled trials and 9 clinical trials of any design, as of . The strongest evidence tier in that literature is human clinical trials.
This page reports what those studies state, sentence by sentence, with each statement tied to its source and labeled by the kind of evidence it is. It does not recommend use, and it does not translate study doses into anything personal.
What the evidence level means
Publication counts show what is indexed, not how strong the evidence is. The ledger below separates human clinical records from preclinical, analytical, and in-vitro work.
Human clinical studies in this ledger186 randomized · 12 other human clinical
Evidence strengthNot yet assessedSeparate from evidence availability
Efficacy signalNot yet assessedRead the study result, not the tier alone
Interpretation boundary: An indexed publication count is a discovery measure. It does not establish efficacy, safety, approval, or a personal treatment plan.
What the evidence shows
One row per primary study in this record's ledger. Fields are read from each paper's indexing and abstract. "Analytical method" marks papers about detecting or measuring the compound rather than about its effects.
| Study | Design | n | Species | Dose | Route | Duration | Reported outcome | Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruotolo 2026 | Clinical trial | — | Humans | — | — | 36 weeks; 48 weeks | In both studies, retatrutide was associated with significant reductions in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Study 1: up to -21.0%, Study 2: up to -26.9%), apolipoprotein B (-21.4%, -24.2%), total… | Human clinical trial |
| Chen 2026 | Clinical trial | 214 | Humans | — | — | — | Low certainty evidence suggested higher rates for discontinuing treatment with danuglipron and retatrutide, whereas mazdutide showed better tolerability. | Human clinical trial |
| Bajaj 2026 | Randomized controlled trial | 930 | Humans | 4 mg; 9 mg | subcutaneous | — | For the treatment regimen estimand, the mean change from baseline in HbA 1c concentration was -1·69% (SE 0·11) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·86% (0·10) with 9 mg, and -1·94% (0·08) with 12 mg, versus -0·81% (0·12) with… | Human clinical trial |
| Pearson 2026 | Clinical trial | 213 | Humans | 12 mg | — | 48 weeks | At both primary and study endpoints for both populations, higher doses of retatrutide were associated with changes in a cluster of metabolites comprising 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetylcarnitine, free carnitine and fatty… | Human clinical trial |
| Goetz 2025 | Clinical trial | 40 | Humans | 1 mg | — | 51 years; 8 weeks | Some retatrutide-treated participants reported reduced participation in social activities due to adverse events (n = 2) or new eating habits (n = 2) and frustration due to disappointing weight loss (n = 3). | Human clinical trial |
| Kanu 2025 | Randomized controlled trial | 275 | Humans | 4 mg | — | 36 weeks; 36 week | WHAT WERE THE MAIN RESULTS?: This study showed that adults with type 2 diabetes who received higher doses of retatrutide reported being less likely to feel hungry or overeat compared to those who received no treatment… | Human clinical trial |
| Wen 2025 | Phase 2 clinical trial | — | Humans | — | — | — | ANGPTL3/8 reductions were observed with 8 and 12 mg retatrutide doses in participants with type 2 diabetes, and with 1, 4, 8 and 12 mg retatrutide doses in participants with obesity or overweight but without diabetes. | Human clinical trial |
| Coskun 2025 | Randomized controlled trial | 534 | Humans | 0·5 mg; 4 mg | subcutaneous | — | Percent reduction from baseline in total fat mass was 4·9% (SE 1·4%) with retatrutide 0·5 mg, 15·2% (3·2%) with retatrutide 4 mg (pooled), 26·1% (2·5%) with retatrutide 8 mg (pooled), 23·2% (3·0%) with retatrutide 12… | Human clinical trial |
| Heerspink 2025 | Clinical trial | 281 | Humans | 0.5-12 mg; 12 mg | — | — | In participants with T2D, retatrutide 12 mg was associated with reduced UACR compared with placebo at 36 weeks by -37.0% (95% CI: -57.3 to -7.0); eGFR was unchanged compared with placebo. | Human clinical trial |
| Guo 2025 | Clinical trial | 269 | Humans | — | — | — | The maximum weight reduction effect ranged from 4.25 kg (Liraglutide) to 22.6 kg (Retatrutide). | Human clinical trial |
| Tetelbaun 2024 | Clinical trial | — | Humans | — | — | 6 days | Each trial demonstrated greater weight loss with retatrutide treatment in comparison to placebo, with greatest efficacy at higher doses. | Human clinical trial |
| Sanyal 2024 | Randomized controlled trial | 98 | Humans | — | subcutaneous | — | LF reductions were significantly related to changes in body weight, abdominal fat and metabolic measures associated with improved insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. | Human clinical trial |
| Jastreboff 2023 | Randomized controlled trial | 338 | Humans | 1 mg; 4 mg | subcutaneous | 48 weeks | At 48 weeks, a weight reduction of 5% or more, 10% or more, and 15% or more had occurred in 92%, 75%, and 60%, respectively, of the participants who received 4 mg of retatrutide; 100%, 91%, and 75% of those who… | Human clinical trial |
| Urva 2022 | Randomized controlled trial | 210 | Humans | — | — | 70 years; 3 months | At week 12, placebo-adjusted mean daily plasma glucose significantly decreased from baseline at the three highest dose LY3437943 groups (least-squares mean difference -2·8 mmol/L [90% CI -4·63 to -0·94] for 3 mg; -3·1… | Human clinical trial |
| Branine 2026 | Case report | — | Humans | — | — | — | In type 1 diabetes mellitus, where patients remain dependent on exogenous insulin to suppress ketogenesis, gastrointestinal illness may rapidly precipitate ketosis when insulin is omitted and oral intake is reduced. | Observational, human |
| Heerspink 2026 | Human study | 367 | Humans | 12 mg | — | — | Background and hypothesis Retatrutide is an agonist of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptors that reduced weight and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in individuals with… | Observational, human |
| Giblin 2026 | Human study | 5,800 | Humans | — | subcutaneous | — | — | Observational, human |
| Neumann 2026 | Human study | — | Humans | — | — | — | In the additional presence of the phosphodiesterase III inhibitor cilostamide (1 µM), retatrutide was more potent and more effective to increase FOC in HAP. | Observational, human |
| Koca 2026 | Animal study | — | — | — | oral | — | — | Animal, preclinical |
| Ding 2026 | Animal study | — | Mice | — | — | — | In the UUO model, semaglutide effects were associated with PI3K-AKT inhibition, tirzepatide effects with PI3K-AKT inhibition and PPAR pathway activation, and retatrutide effects with concurrent inhibition of both… | Animal, preclinical |
| Takahashi 2026 | Animal study | — | Mice | — | — | — | Therapeutic interventions promoting lymphangiogenesis, either through VEGFC administration or weight loss intervention by LY3437943 (the novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist), significantly attenuate… | Animal, preclinical |
| Perez-Tilve 2026 | Animal study | — | Rats, Mice | — | — | — | BWB3054, a fatty acylated GIPR:GCGR co-agonist, was identified as comparably potent as retatrutide to induce cAMP production at the mGIPR, and 4-fold reduced at mGCGR, but notably more than 100-fold diminished at… | Animal, preclinical |
| Li 2026 | Animal study | — | Mice | — | — | — | Metabolomic analysis further demonstrated clearance of lipotoxic intermediates, decreased pro-inflammatory lipids, reduced collagen-derived metabolites, and elevated anti-inflammatory 15-HETE, confirming metabolic… | Animal, preclinical |
| Hitaka 2026 | Animal study | — | Mice | — | — | 21 days | Our findings demonstrate that all three GLP-1 analogs, semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide, exhibit significant anti-obesity effects in MC4R KO mice. | Animal, preclinical |
| Windram 2026 | Animal study | — | Rats | — | — | 15 day | Building on prior work with GLP-1 receptor agonists, these results provide important context for interpreting clinical observations of reduced drinking behavior among individuals receiving this class of therapeutics. | Animal, preclinical |
Doses reported in studies
Each entry is a sentence quoted from the study's abstract, with the study's design, sample size and year in front of it. Comparator doses in the same sentence are not attributed to retatrutide.
- Doses stated in the abstract: 4 mg; 9 mg; 12 mg
Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to receive retatrutide (4 mg, 9 mg, or 12 mg) or placebo by once-weekly subcutaneous injection.
Sourcepmid-42250575· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Doses stated in the abstract: 12 mg
Intervention(s) Obesity trial; retatrutide (1, 4, 8, 12 mg) or placebo.
Sourcepmid-42135195· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Doses stated in the abstract: 1 mg
Participants (N = 40; mean age 51 years; 52.5 % male) received retatrutide 4/8/12 mg (n = 23), retatrutide 1 mg (n = 13), or placebo (n = 4).
Sourcepmid-41216380· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Doses stated in the abstract: 4 mg
Compared with placebo, participants who received retatrutide ≥4 mg reported greater reductions from baseline in overall appetite, hunger, and prospective food consumption (l at Week 24 (all p Conclusions Perceived hunger and tendency to overeat (disinhibition) were reduced with higher doses of retatrutide, compared with placebo.
Sourcepmid-40916752· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Doses stated in the abstract: 0·5 mg; 4 mg; 2 mg; 8 mg
Eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:2:1:1:1:1:2 ratio to once-weekly subcutaneous placebo, dulaglutide 1·5 mg, or retatrutide 0·5 mg, 4 mg (2 mg initial dose), 4 mg (4 mg initial dose), 8 mg (2 mg initial dose), 8 mg (4 mg initial dose), or 12 mg.
Sourcepmid-40609566· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Doses stated in the abstract: 0.5-12 mg; 12 mg; 8 mg
A post hoc analysis of 2 retatrutide studies (dose range: 0.5-12 mg) was performed in participants (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥ 45 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ) with T2D ( n = 281) and with overweight or obesity without T2D ( n = 338).
Sourcepmid-40630318· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added
Adverse events and frequency
Events and their frequency as each study reported them, with the denominator where the abstract gives one.
-
Low certainty evidence suggested higher rates for discontinuing treatment with danuglipron and retatrutide, whereas mazdutide showed better tolerability.
Sourcepmid-42688617· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
For the treatment regimen estimand, the mean change from baseline in HbA 1c concentration was -1·69% (SE 0·11) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·86% (0·10) with 9 mg, and -1·94% (0·08) with 12 mg, versus -0·81% (0·12) with placebo, resulting in estimated treatment differences versus placebo of -0·88% (95% CI -1·18 to -0·59) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·04% (-1·32 to -0·76) with 9 mg, and -1·12% (-1·39 to -0·85) with 12 mg (all p Interpretation Retatrutide showed significant improvements in glycaemic control and bodyweight reduction as a monotherapy in adults with type 2 diabetes that is inadequately controlled with diet and exercise alone, with an adverse event profile consistent with molecules with GLP-1 agonist activity, supporting its potential as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Sourcepmid-42250575· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
Some retatrutide-treated participants reported reduced participation in social activities due to adverse events (n = 2) or new eating habits (n = 2) and frustration due to disappointing weight loss (n = 3).
Sourcepmid-41216380· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
The most common adverse events in the retatrutide groups were gastrointestinal; these events were dose-related, were mostly mild to moderate in severity, and were partially mitigated with a lower starting dose (2 mg vs. 4 mg).
Sourcepmid-37366315· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported by 33 (63%), three (60%), and eight (54%) participants who received LY3437943, dulaglutide 1·5 mg, and placebo, respectively, with gastrointestinal disorders being the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events.
Sourcepmid-36354040· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
We report a man in his mid-30s with longstanding type 1 diabetes mellitus who presented with severe vomiting, diarrhoea, hyperglycaemia, ketonaemia and acute kidney injury shortly after self-administering an online-purchased product marketed as retatrutide for weight loss.
Sourcepmid-42669023· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Study durations
Treatment and follow-up periods as stated in each abstract.
- Durations stated: 36 weeks; 48 weeks
In Study 1, adults with obesity/overweight and T2D received once-weekly retatrutide (0.5/4/8/12 mg), dulaglutide (1.5 mg) or placebo for 36 weeks; in Study 2, adults with clinical obesity without T2D received retatrutide (1/4/8/12 mg) or placebo for 48 weeks.
Sourcepmid-42608321· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Durations stated: 48 weeks
Participants living with obesity with and without T2D were treated for 36 and 48 weeks, respectively.
Sourcepmid-42135195· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Durations stated: 51 years; 8 weeks
Participants (N = 40; mean age 51 years; 52.5 % male) received retatrutide 4/8/12 mg (n = 23), retatrutide 1 mg (n = 13), or placebo (n = 4).
Sourcepmid-41216380· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Durations stated: 36 weeks; 36 week
These pre-specified exploratory analyses examined changes from baseline in Appetite Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Eating Inventory (EI) scores after 24 and 36 weeks of once-weekly treatment with placebo, dulaglutide 1.5 mg, or retatrutide 0.5, 4, 8, or 12 mg in 275 adults with T2D.
Sourcepmid-40916752· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Durations stated: 6 days
The pharmacokinetics of retatrutide were dose proportional and its mean half-life of approximately 6 days supported a once-weekly dosing.
Sourcepmid-39724554· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added - Durations stated: 48 weeks
Participants were randomly assigned in a 2:1:1:1:1:2:2 ratio to receive subcutaneous retatrutide (1 mg, 4 mg [initial dose, 2 mg], 4 mg [initial dose, 4 mg], 8 mg [initial dose, 2 mg], 8 mg [initial dose, 4 mg], or 12 mg [initial dose, 2 mg]) or placebo once weekly for 48 weeks.
Sourcepmid-37366315· quoted verbatim from the abstract, emphasis added
Routes studied
Routes of administration named in each study.
- administration by subcutaneous route reported
Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) to receive retatrutide (4 mg, 9 mg, or 12 mg) or placebo by once-weekly subcutaneous injection.
Sourcepmid-42250575· quoted verbatim from the abstract - administration by subcutaneous route reported
Eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:2:1:1:1:1:2 ratio to once-weekly subcutaneous placebo, dulaglutide 1·5 mg, or retatrutide 0·5 mg, 4 mg (2 mg initial dose), 4 mg (4 mg initial dose), 8 mg (2 mg initial dose), 8 mg (4 mg initial dose), or 12 mg.
Sourcepmid-40609566· quoted verbatim from the abstract - administration by subcutaneous route reported
Here, in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants (n = 98) were randomly assigned to 48 weeks of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide (1, 4, 8 or 12 mg dose) or placebo.
Sourcepmid-38858523· quoted verbatim from the abstract - administration by subcutaneous route reported
Participants were randomly assigned in a 2:1:1:1:1:2:2 ratio to receive subcutaneous retatrutide (1 mg, 4 mg [initial dose, 2 mg], 4 mg [initial dose, 4 mg], 8 mg [initial dose, 2 mg], 8 mg [initial dose, 4 mg], or 12 mg [initial dose, 2 mg]) or placebo once weekly for 48 weeks.
Sourcepmid-37366315· quoted verbatim from the abstract - administration by subcutaneous route reported
TRIUMPH consists of four Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind studies assessing weekly subcutaneous retatrutide compared to placebo, in conjunction with healthy diet and physical activity in over 5800 participants.
Sourcepmid-41090431· quoted verbatim from the abstract - administration by oral route reported
Recent evidence reinforces this framework: the SOUL trial established cardiovascular superiority for oral semaglutide, extending disease-modifying properties beyond injectable formulations, while Phase 3 TRIUMPH data position retatrutide as an emerging triple-agonist candidate awaiting cardiovascular outcome data.
Sourcepmid-42649514· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Exclusion criteria in studies
Who each trial excluded, as stated in the abstract.
-
Eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 2:2:2:1:1:1:1:2 ratio to once-weekly subcutaneous placebo, dulaglutide 1·5 mg, or retatrutide 0·5 mg, 4 mg (2 mg initial dose), 4 mg (4 mg initial dose), 8 mg (2 mg initial dose), 8 mg (4 mg initial dose), or 12 mg.
Sourcepmid-40609566· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Biomarkers measured in studies
Laboratory and clinical measures the studies report tracking, including which hormones did and did not change.
-
To further characterise the effects of retatrutide on cardiometabolic risk, lipoprotein and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed post hoc in phase 2 trials of adults with obesity/overweight with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Sourcepmid-42608321· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
For the treatment regimen estimand, the mean change from baseline in HbA 1c concentration was -1·69% (SE 0·11) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·86% (0·10) with 9 mg, and -1·94% (0·08) with 12 mg, versus -0·81% (0·12) with placebo, resulting in estimated treatment differences versus placebo of -0·88% (95% CI -1·18 to -0·59) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·04% (-1·32 to -0·76) with 9 mg, and -1·12% (-1·39 to -0·85) with 12 mg (all p Interpretation Retatrutide showed significant improvements in glycaemic control and bodyweight reduction as a monotherapy in adults with type 2 diabetes that is inadequately controlled with diet and exercise alone, with an adverse event profile consistent with molecules with GLP-1 agonist activity, supporting its potential as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Sourcepmid-42250575· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
Context In phase 2 trials, retatrutide reduced body weight, hemoglobin A1c, and improved the lipid profiles of participants living with obesity, with and without T2D.
Sourcepmid-42135195· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
Retatrutide, an agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, and glucagon receptors, is in development for the treatment of obesity.
Sourcepmid-41216380· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
This study compared the changes in appetite and eating behaviours of adults with T2D who were treated with retatrutide, dulaglutide (an alternative treatment), or placebo (i.e., no treatment).
Sourcepmid-40916752· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
The aim of this study was to determine if retatrutide, a triple agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor and glucagon (GCG) receptor, may lower serum triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in part by decreasing circulating concentrations of the angiopoietin-like protein 3/8 complex (ANGPTL3/8).
Sourcepmid-40726454· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Reported timelines
Onset, peak and duration figures as each study reported them.
-
The pharmacokinetics of retatrutide were dose proportional and its mean half-life of approximately 6 days supported a once-weekly dosing.
Sourcepmid-39724554· quoted verbatim from the abstract -
The pharmacokinetics of LY3437943 were dose proportional and its half-life was approximately 6 days.
Sourcepmid-36354040· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Storage and stability
Stability and storage conditions as reported.
-
It is found that Retatrutide, an anti-obesity agent, inhibits HBP and YAP O-GlcNAcylation leading to increased YAP degradation through the deprivation of EIF3H-mediated deubiquitylation of YAP.
Sourcepmid-39868848· quoted verbatim from the abstract
Method note · shared across compounds
Reconstitution mathematics
Lyophilised peptide is supplied as a mass in a vial and dissolved in a stated volume of diluent. Two figures follow from that and nothing else:
- Concentration = mass in vial ÷ diluent volume. A 5 mg vial in 2 mL is 2.5 mg/mL, or 2,500 mcg/mL.
- Volume for a given mass = that mass ÷ concentration. 250 mcg at 2,500 mcg/mL is 0.1 mL. On a U-100 insulin syringe, where 1 mL is 100 units, that is 10 units.
Study doses on this page are quoted as published, in the units the authors used. Converting between mcg, mg and IU, or between a mass and a syringe volume, is arithmetic; deciding a mass is not, and this page does not do it. The reconstitution calculator performs the conversion with the formula shown.
Method note · shared across compounds
Reading a certificate of analysis
A certificate of analysis is a laboratory report on one batch. Reading it means checking four things in order.
- Identity. Mass spectrometry should report an observed molecular mass matching the peptide's theoretical mass within the instrument's stated tolerance. A certificate with no mass spectrometry, or one that lists only the expected value, has not confirmed identity.
- Purity. HPLC purity is the area of the main peak as a share of all peaks, at a stated wavelength. It says nothing about what the other peaks are, and it is not a measure of quantity.
- Quantity. Net peptide content, by amino acid analysis or UV, is the fraction of the vial's mass that is peptide rather than counter-ions and water. A 5 mg vial at 80% net content holds 4 mg of peptide, and every concentration figure above changes accordingly.
- Provenance. The batch number on the certificate should match the vial, the laboratory should be named and independent of the seller, and the test date should be recent.
This page rates no supplier and links to none. It describes how to read the document.
Method note · shared across compounds
Equipment described in studies
Published human studies of injectable peptides report the same small set of materials: single-use insulin syringes with fixed needles, most often U-100 with 29 to 31 gauge needles; bacteriostatic water or sterile water for injection as diluent, with the choice stated in the methods; alcohol swabs; and refrigerated storage of reconstituted solution. Animal studies more often report intraperitoneal or intragastric administration and state the vehicle used. Where a study in this record's ledger names its materials or vehicle, that sentence appears under storage or routes above; where it does not, nothing is assumed here.
Other compounds in its class
Same class in the registry: Cagrilintide, Semaglutide, Survodutide, Tirzepatide. Each row shows what that compound's own record states; nothing is inferred across rows. Head-to-head evidence, where any exists, is on the comparison pages: Retatrutide vs Tirzepatide, Semaglutide vs Retatrutide.
| Compound | Tier | Publications | RCTs | Record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retatrutide | Human clinical trial | 197 | 7 | draft |
| Cagrilintide | Human clinical trial | 105 | 15 | draft |
| Semaglutide | Approved label | 6,039 | 305 | draft |
| Survodutide | Human clinical trial | 91 | 10 | draft |
| Tirzepatide | Approved label | 2,756 | 131 | draft |
Studied in combination
Whether any indexed study tested Retatrutide together with the compounds it is commonly combined with. A count of zero is the finding, not a gap in this page.
- No indexed study tested Retatrutide with MOTS-c. Retatrutide + MOTS-c
Regulatory status
Registry facts only. Jurisdiction-level status, compounding categories and sport prohibitions need their own cited documents before they appear here.
- Registry entry
Open questions and limitations
What is genuinely unknown, stated plainly. A missing field is not evidence that the outcome is safe, effective, or established.
- No study in this record's ledger reports weight-normalized doses for Retatrutide.
- No study in this record's ledger reports dose-escalation schedules for Retatrutide.
- No study in this record's ledger reports interactions with other agents for Retatrutide.
Questions people ask
Has Retatrutide been tested in humans?
Yes. Europe PMC indexes 9 clinical trials and 7 randomized controlled trials naming Retatrutide or a listed alias in the title or abstract. The evidence table above lists the ones in this record's ledger with their design and sample size; check the study name, since an alias can refer to a different formulation of the same molecule.
What kind of evidence exists for Retatrutide?
The strongest tier is human clinical trial: human clinical trials. Every claim on this page carries its own tier, because a compound with one human trial and forty animal studies is described by both facts, not the better one.
Is Retatrutide an approved medicine?
ChEMBL records CHEMBL5095485 at maximum clinical phase 3, with no approval recorded. Approval status differs by jurisdiction and is pending human review on this record.
Which species has Retatrutide been studied in?
Studies in this record's ledger report work in: Humans, Mice, Rats. Findings in one species do not transfer to another, and weight-normalized doses in particular do not scale linearly between them.
Sources
Full citations. Every claim above links to one of these by its id.
- 1From Potency Ratios to Target Engagement: Translational Identifiability of Multi-Incretin Receptor Balance
doi-10-22541-authorea-15008173-v1· · preprint - 2
- 3
- 4Disease-modifying anti-diabetic drugs (DMADDs): bridging the SIMPLE approach to disease interception.
pmid-42649514· · peer-reviewed - 5
- 6Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice.
pmid-42630988· · peer-reviewed - 7Phenotype-Directed Precision Therapeutics: A Framework for Multi-Agonist Therapy in Obesity, MASH and Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Disorders
doi-10-20944-preprints202607-0236-v2· · preprint - 8Phenotype-Directed Precision Therapeutics: A Framework for Multi-Agonist Therapy in Obesity, MASH and Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Disorders
doi-10-20944-preprints202607-0236-v1· · preprint - 9
- 10Kynurenic acid mediates epicardial fat-induced lymphatic metabolic dysfunction in atrial fibrillation.
pmid-42156758· · peer-reviewed - 11Retatrutide And Lipid And Metabolite Profiles In Participants With Obesity With Or Without Type 2 Diabetes.
pmid-42135195· · peer-reviewed - 12
Show the remaining 24 sources
- 13GIPR:GCGR co-agonism restores normal weight in obese rodents.
pmid-41997446· · peer-reviewed - 14Multi-omic profiling reveals Retatrutide alleviates adipose tissue fibrosis via metabolic reprogramming and tissue repair.
pmid-41964043· · peer-reviewed - 15Efficacy of GLP-1 analog peptides, semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide on MC4R deficient obesity and their comparison.
pmid-41723268· · peer-reviewed - 16Perceived benefits of treatment for obesity with retatrutide: A qualitative study of patients in a phase 2 clinical trial.
pmid-41216380· · peer-reviewed - 17
- 18Retatrutide improves steatohepatitis in an accelerated mouse model of diet-induced steatohepatitis with a fructose binge.
pmid-41056349· · peer-reviewed - 19
- 20Decreases in circulating ANGPTL3/8 concentrations following retatrutide treatment parallel reductions in serum lipids.
pmid-40726454· · peer-reviewed - 21Semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide attenuate the interoceptive effects of alcohol in male and female rats.
pmid-40699363· · peer-reviewed - 22Inotropic effects of retatrutide in isolated human atrial preparations.
pmid-40613938· · peer-reviewed - 23
- 24The Effect of Retatrutide on Kidney Parameters in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and/or Obesity.
pmid-40630318· · peer-reviewed - 25
- 26
- 27
- 28Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Medicines for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.
pmid-38843460· · peer-reviewed - 29
- 30The "Weight" for a New Agent Is Almost Over: A Commentary on the Novel Triagonist Retatrutide for Obesity.
pmid-39507873· · peer-reviewed - 31The First Triple Agonist for Antiobesity: Retatrutide.
pmid-39724554· · peer-reviewed - 32Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition?
pmid-38687506· · peer-reviewed - 33
- 34What is the pipeline for future medications for obesity?
pmid-38302593· · peer-reviewed - 35Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial.
pmid-37366315· · peer-reviewed - 36
Reference card
Reference card · generated /compounds/retatrutide
- Compound
- Retatrutide, incretin and amylin analogs
- Evidence tier
- Human clinical trial
- Indexed publications
- 197 · 7 RCTs · 9 other clinical trials
- Approval
- not approved · max phase 3
- Routes reported
- oral, subcutaneous
Study figures are as published in each source and are not recommendations. Print or save this card with its date.
Last reviewed and what changed
Newest first. These are the record's own revision dates, and the same dates feed the sitemap.
- · Claims drafted extractively from 33 ledger sources by scripts/draft_claims.py: 34 claims, 25 evidence-table rows. Status researched -> draft.
- · Claims drafted extractively from 33 ledger sources by scripts/draft_claims.py: 40 claims, 25 evidence-table rows. Status researched -> draft.
- · Evidence fetched from Europe PMC and ChEMBL by scripts/fetch_evidence.py; claims not yet written.