ARA-290 dosage calculator
Enter a vial and a dose and this returns the concentration, the volume and the syringe units. Underneath it, the same arithmetic worked out in advance for common vials, and the doses published studies of ARA-290 actually used, every one quoted and cited. It converts numbers. It does not suggest what to take.
Work out concentration and what to draw
Two divisions, both shown. Concentration = mass in the vial ÷ diluent volume. Volume to draw = mass you want ÷ that concentration. Syringe units are that volume × the units per millilitre on your syringe's own scale.
Worked example: 5 mg in 2 mL is 2,500 mcg/mL, so 250 mcg is 0.1 mL, which is 10 units on a U-100 syringe and 4 units on a U-40. The scale is printed on the barrel; reading a U-40 syringe as if it were U-100 is a two-and-a-half-fold error.
ARA-290 reconstitution chart
Units on a standard U-100 insulin syringe, where 100 units is 1 mL. The rows are the absolute doses quoted in studies of ARA-290, from 2 mg to 8 mg, so this chart is specific to this compound rather than a generic ladder. More diluent means more units for the same dose, which is easier to measure accurately and empties the vial no faster.
| Dose | 1 mL diluent (2,000 mcg/mL) | 2 mL diluent (1,000 mcg/mL) | 3 mL diluent (667 mcg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 mg | 100 | 200 >1 mL | 300 >1 mL |
| 4 mg | 200 >1 mL | 400 >1 mL | 600 >1 mL |
| 8 mg | 400 >1 mL | 800 >1 mL | 1,200 >1 mL |
| Dose | 1 mL diluent (5,000 mcg/mL) | 2 mL diluent (2,500 mcg/mL) | 3 mL diluent (1,667 mcg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 mg | 40 | 80 | 120 >1 mL |
| 4 mg | 80 | 160 >1 mL | 240 >1 mL |
| 8 mg | 160 >1 mL | 320 >1 mL | 480 >1 mL |
| Dose | 1 mL diluent (10,000 mcg/mL) | 2 mL diluent (5,000 mcg/mL) | 3 mL diluent (3,333 mcg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 mg | 20 | 40 | 60 |
| 4 mg | 40 | 80 | 120 >1 mL |
| 8 mg | 80 | 160 >1 mL | 240 >1 mL |
Read a figure off this chart only if it matches the vial in front of you. A vial labelled a different strength, or reconstituted with a different volume, gives a different number for the same dose, and that is the single most common way these calculations go wrong.
Doses in published studies of ARA-290
Each row is quoted from a paper in this compound's source ledger and carries the kind of evidence it came from. 5 of 8 come from human studies; the rest are animal or laboratory work.
| Evidence | Dose as the paper states it | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Human clinical trial | Sarcoidosis patients with small-fibre neuropathy received 2 mg intravenously three times a week for four weeks. | pmid-23168581 |
| Human clinical trial | In the phase 2b sarcoidosis trial, 64 patients received 1, 4 or 8 mg a day subcutaneously for 28 days; 4 mg met the primary endpoint. | pmid-28475703 |
| Human clinical trial | People with type 2 diabetes and neuropathy self-injected 4 mg a day for 28 days and were followed a further month. | pmid-25387363 |
| Human clinical trial | Nine patients with diabetic macular oedema self-injected 4 mg a day for 12 weeks. | pmid-32674280 |
| Human clinical trial | Sarcoidosis patients received daily subcutaneous ARA-290 for 28 days in the 2013 trial; the abstract states no dose. | pmid-24136731 |
| Animal, preclinical | Animal study, 2020: doses stated in the abstract: 120 µg/kg. Recipients were treated perioperative and thereafter daily during 14 d with cibinetide (120 µg/kg), with or without tacrolimus injection (0.4 mg/kg/d) during days 4-14 after transplantation. | pmid-32345869 |
| Animal, preclinical | Animal study, mice, 2018: doses stated in the abstract: 30μg/kg. Animals were treated daily with cibinetide (30μg/kg/s.c.) or vehicle and euthanized 3, 7, and 14days after the injury to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), malondialdehyde (MAL), phospho-Akt (pAkt), phospho e-NOS (p-eNOS), and nitrite/nitrate content… | pmid-29223734 |
| Animal, preclinical | Animal study, 2016: doses stated in the abstract: 120 μg/kg. Recipients were given ARA 290 (120 μg/kg) intraperitoneally just before and at 0, 6, and 24 hours after PITx. | pmid-26683514 |
Weight-normalised doses, and why they are not on the chart
Some studies state a dose per kilogram. Those figures are deliberately absent from the chart above, because multiplying one by a body weight produces a number that looks like a dose and is not one. Interspecies scaling is not arithmetic: a rat milligram-per-kilogram figure does not become a human dose by multiplication.
- Animal study, 2020: weight-normalized doses as published: 120 µg/kg. Recipients were treated perioperative and thereafter daily during 14 d with cibinetide (120 µg/kg), with or without tacrolimus injection (0.4 mg/kg/d) during days 4-14 after transplantation. pmid-32345869
- Animal study, mice, 2018: weight-normalized doses as published: 30μg/kg. Animals were treated daily with cibinetide (30μg/kg/s.c.) or vehicle and euthanized 3, 7, and 14days after the injury to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), malondialdehyde (MAL), phospho-Akt (pAkt), phospho e-NOS (p-eNOS), and nitrite/nitrate… pmid-29223734
- Animal study, 2016: weight-normalized doses as published: 120 μg/kg. Recipients were given ARA 290 (120 μg/kg) intraperitoneally just before and at 0, 6, and 24 hours after PITx. pmid-26683514
How long studies ran, and how far a vial goes
A vial lasts for a number of draws, not a number of weeks: divide the mass in the vial by the mass per draw and round down, which the vial planner does. How long that represents depends on frequency. For context, these are the durations studies of ARA-290 actually ran for.
- Four weeks of three-times-weekly infusions in the pilot. pmid-23168581
- Twenty-eight days in the two subcutaneous sarcoidosis trials and the diabetes trial, with a month of follow-up in the latter. pmid-25387363
- Twelve weeks in the eye study, the longest human exposure. pmid-32674280
- Animal study, rats, n=48, 2022: durations stated: 15 months; 18 month. We conducted an integrated longitudinal ( n = 48) and cross-sectional ( n = 144) 15 months randomized controlled trial in which 18-month-old Fischer 344 x Brown Norway rats were randomly assigned to either receive chronic ARA290 treatment or saline. pmid-36741836
- Animal study, mice, 2018: durations stated: 14 days. Animals were treated daily with cibinetide (30μg/kg/s.c.) or vehicle and euthanized 3, 7, and 14days after the injury to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), malondialdehyde (MAL), phospho-Akt (pAkt), phospho e-NOS (p-eNOS), and nitrite/nitrate content within the wound. pmid-29223734
Storage and stability, as published
Reconstitution starts a clock. These are the storage and stability conditions stated in papers in this ledger. They describe what the study did, which is not the same as a shelf life for a vial in your fridge.
- Animal study, rats, 2021: DOTA-(Lys-Dabcyl 6 ,Phe 7 )-ARA-290 was labeled with technetium 99m, and its radiochemical purity (RCP), stability in the presence of human serum and, specific bind to hypoxic H9c2 cells were evaluated. pmid-35317117
- In vitro study, humans, 2017: While extensive exopeptidase-driven metabolism was observed for ARA-290 (with one main metabolite PyrEQLERALN), GHRP-3 and Peforelin were found to exhibit a considerable metabolic stability with a low tendency for deamidation only. pmid-28941172
How ARA-290 was given
The route changes what a dose means. The same number given intravenously and subcutaneously is not the same exposure.
- Clinical trial, humans, 2020: administration by subcutaneous route reported. Patients self-administered cibinetide 4 mg/day subcutaneously for 12 weeks. pmid-32674280
- Phase 2 clinical trial, humans, 2015: administration by subcutaneous route reported. ARA 290 (4 mg) or placebo were self-administered subcutaneously daily for 28 d and the subjects followed for an additional month without further treatment. pmid-25387363
- Randomized controlled trial, humans, 2013: administration by subcutaneous route reported. Here we show in a blinded, placebo-controlled trial that 28 d of daily subcutaneous administration of ARA 290 in a group of patients with documented SNFLD significantly improves neuropathic symptoms. pmid-24136731
- Randomized controlled trial, humans, n=12, 2012: administration by intravenous route reported. A total of 22 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis and symptoms of SFN were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory trial consisting of three times weekly intravenous dosing of ARA 290 (2 mg; n = 12) or placebo (n = 10) for 4… pmid-23168581
- Animal study, mice, 2018: administration by subcutaneous route reported. Animals were treated daily with cibinetide (30μg/kg/s.c.) or vehicle and euthanized 3, 7, and 14days after the injury to quantitate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), malondialdehyde (MAL), phospho-Akt (pAkt), phospho e-NOS (p-eNOS), and nitrite/nitrate… pmid-29223734
- Animal study, 2016: administration by intraperitoneal route reported. Recipients were given ARA 290 (120 μg/kg) intraperitoneally just before and at 0, 6, and 24 hours after PITx. pmid-26683514
Questions people ask
- How many units is 2 mg of ARA-290?
- It depends entirely on how the vial was reconstituted. In a 5 mg vial with 2 mL of diluent it is 80 units on a U-100 syringe; with 1 mL it is 40. The chart above gives the rest.
- Does adding more diluent waste the peptide?
- No. The mass in the vial does not change. More diluent spreads the same mass through more liquid, so each dose is a larger, easier-to-measure volume and the vial yields exactly as many doses as before.
- Why does this page not recommend a dose?
- Because a dose is a clinical decision rather than a division. It depends on why someone is taking something, what else they take and how their kidneys and liver are working, none of which is knowable from a number typed into a box.
- Where do the doses in the table come from?
- Each is quoted from a specific paper indexed in Europe PMC, linked in the source column, and labelled with the kind of study it came from. The full evidence is on the ARA-290 record.
What this calculator will not do
It will not take a body weight and return a milligram figure, and it will not tell you how often to draw. The table above is the published record, not a menu. A dose that appeared in a trial appeared under supervision, with monitoring, in people selected for that trial.
Other calculators
- Generic reconstitution calculatorThe same arithmetic, without a compound attached
- Unit convertermg, mcg, ng and syringe units
- Vial plannerDraws per vial and how long it lasts
- All compound calculatorsEvery compound with published dose figures